Ka polarization ea maqhubu a motlakase

Thepa eo tšekamelo le amplitude ea motlakase oa motlakase oa maqhubu a motlakase li fetohang ha nako e ntse e ea e bitsoa polarization in optics.Haeba phetoho ena e na le molao o hlakileng, e bitsoa polarized electromagnetic wave .

(eo ka mor'a moo e bitsoang polarized wave)

Lintlha tse 7 tsa bohlokoa tseo u lokelang ho li tseba ka "electromagnetic wave polarization" ke:

1. Electromagnetic wave polarization e bua ka thepa eo chebahalo le amplitude ea motlakase oa motlakase oa maqhubu a motlakase li fetohang ha nako e ntse e tsamaea, e bitsoang polarization in optics.Haeba phetoho ena e na le molao o hlakileng, e bitsoa polarized electromagnetic wave (eo ka mor'a moo e bitsoang polarized wave).Haeba matla a tšimo ea motlakase a polarized electromagnetic wave a lula a lebisitsoe ka sefofaneng (transverse) perpendicular ho tataiso ea phatlalatso, 'me qetellong ea vector ea eona ea tšimo ea motlakase e tsamaea ka pina e koetsoeng, leqhubu lena la polarized electromagnetic le bitsoa sefofane sa polarized wave.Sagittal trajectory ea tšimo ea motlakase e bitsoa polarization curve, 'me leqhubu la polarization le bitsoa ho ea ka sebōpeho sa polarization curve.

2. 2. Bakeng sa sefofane se le seng sa maqhubu a polarized wave, polarization curve ke ellipse (e bitsoang polarization ellipse), kahoo e bitsoa elliptical polarized wave.E shebiloe ho tloha ka tataiso ea ho phatlalatsoa, ​​​​haeba tataiso ea ho potoloha ea vector ea tšimo ea motlakase e tsamaea ka nako, e lumellanang le molao o nepahetseng oa helix, e bitsoa leqhubu le letona la polarized wave;Haeba tsela ea ho potoloha e le khahlanong le oache 'me e lumellana le molao oa helix e ka letsohong le letšehali, e bitsoa leqhubu le letšehali la polarized wave.Ho ea ka likarolo tsa geometri tsa polarization ellipse (bona li-geometric parameters tsa polarization ellipse), leqhubu la elliptical polarization le ka hlalosoa ka bongata, ke hore, karolelano ea axial (karolelano ea axis e telele ho axis e khutšoanyane), polarization. tataiso angle (oblique angle ea axis e telele) le tataiso ea ho potoloha (ho potoloha ka ho le letona kapa ka ho le letšehali).Leqhubu la elliptical polarized le axial ratio e lekanang le 1 le bitsoa circular polarized wave, 'me sekhahla sa eona sa polarization ke selikalikoe, se ka boela sa aroloa ka litsela tse ka letsohong le letona kapa le letšehali.Ka nako ena, polarization direction angle angle ha e tsejoe hantle, 'me lehlakoreng la oblique la mokhoa oa pele oa vector ea motlakase o nkeloa sebaka.Leqhubu la elliptical polarization leo karo-karolelano ea axial e batlang e sa feleng e bitsoa linear polarization wave.Ho shebana le vector ea motlakase ea motlakase ho lula ho otlolohile, 'me lehlakoreng le leng la oblique la mohala ona o otlolohileng ke tataiso ea polarization.Ka nako ena, tataiso ea ho potoloha e lahleheloa ke moelelo oa eona 'me e nkeloa sebaka ke karolo ea pele ea matla a matla a motlakase.

3. Leqhubu leha e le lefe la elliptical polarization le ka senyeha ka kakaretso ea leqhubu la polarization ea letsoho le letona (e emetsoeng ke letšoao la leoto la R) le leqhubu le letšehali la polarization wave (e emetsoeng ke letšoao la leoto L).Haeba leqhubu la polarized le qhibiliha hore e be maqhubu a mabeli a pota-potileng a nang le litsela tse fapaneng tsa ho potoloha, li-amplitudes tsa tsona lia lekana 'me mokhoa oa bona oa pele o lekana le oa maqhubu a polarized linearly.

4. Leqhubu leha e le lefe la elliptical polarization le lona le ka aroloa ka kakaretso ea maqhubu a mabeli a polarized ka mokhoa oa orthogonal.Ka kakaretso, e 'ngoe ea maqhubu a polarized linearly e lebisitsoe ka sefofane se rapameng (le perpendicular ho tataiso ea phatlalatso), e bitsoang leqhubu la polarized horizontally (e emetsoeng ke letšoao la maoto h);Leqhubu le leng la polarized wave ka nako e ts'oanang le ts'oana le tataiso le tataiso ea phallo ea leqhubu le kaholimo le otlolohileng, le bitsoang vertically polarized wave (e emeloang ke leoto la V) (vector ea tšimo ea motlakase ea leqhubu la polarized le shebile. ho bapa le melapo ea metsi feela ha tataiso ea phatlalatso e le sefofaneng se tšekaletseng).Li-vector tsa masimo a motlakase tsa likarolo tse peli tsa polarized wave li na le kakaretso e fapaneng ea amplitude le kakaretso e fapaneng ea mohato oa pele.

5. Leqhubu le tšoanang la elliptical polarization le ka hlalosoa ka bongata eseng feela ka li-geometric parameters tsa polarization ellipse, empa hape le ka mekhahlelo pakeng tsa likarolo tse peli tse pota-potileng li-circular polarization kapa likarolo tse peli tsa orthogonal linear polarization.'Mapa oa selikalikoe sa polarization ha e le hantle ke khakanyo ea li-isoline tsa liparamente tse fapaneng tsa polarization sebakeng se chitja ho sefofane sa equatorial.Antenna e fetisang le ho amohela maqhubu a motlakase e na le litšobotsi tse hlakileng tsa polarization, tse ka reoang lebitso ho latela polarization ea motlakase ka lehlakoreng le matla la mahlaseli ha e sebelisoa e le antenna e fetisang.

6. Ka kakaretso, e le hore ho finyelloe phetisetso e phahameng ea matla pakeng tsa ho fetisa le ho amohela li-antenna, ho fetisa le ho amohela li-antenna tse nang le litšobotsi tse tšoanang tsa polarization li lokela ho sebelisoa.Boemo bona ba tlhophiso bo bitsoa polarization matching.Ka linako tse ling, e le ho qoba ho kenngoa ha leqhubu le itseng la polarization, elenakanae nang le thepa ea polarization ea orthogonal e sebelisoa, joalo ka antenna e otlolohileng ea polarization orthogonal ho leqhubu la polarization le otlolohileng;Lenaka la letsoho le letona la circularized polarized antenna ho ea letsohong le letšehali la circularized wave.Boemo bona ba tlhophiso bo bitsoa polarization isolation.

7. Ho itšehla thajana ho ka bang teng pakeng tsa maqhubu a mabeli a mabeli a orthogonal polarization ho ka sebelisoa ho mekhoa e sa tšoaneng ea polarization tse peli.Mohlala, ho sebelisa antenna e le 'ngoe e nang le ts'ebetso ea polarization e habeli ho hlokomela phetiso ea likanale tse peli kapa duplex ea transceiver;Li-antenna tse peli tse arohaneng tsa orthogonal polarization li sebelisoa ho lemoha kamohelo ea mefuta-futa ea polarization kapa stereoscopic observation (joalo ka filimi ea stereo).Ho phaella moo, lits'ebetsong tsa ho lemoha tlhahisoleseding tse kang remote sensing le ho lemoha sepheo sa radar, thepa ea polarization ea maqhubu a hasaneng e ka fana ka tlhahisoleseding e eketsehileng ntle le tlhahisoleseding ea amplitude le karolo.

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